In modern industrial and municipal infrastructure, the high-pressure composite exhaust valve serves as the core safety component of the fluid pipeline system. Its performance directly affects the stability, energy efficiency, and operational lifespan of the system. This device is specifically designed for high-pressure environments (typically referring to a working pressure of ≥ 1.6 MPa), capable of efficiently removing the accumulated air and non-condensable gases within the pipeline, preventing risks such as cavitation, water hammer, and pressure imbalance, thereby ensuring the continuous and safe operation of critical areas such as water supply, heating, and oil transportation. This article delves into the internal working mechanism and safety operation guarantee system of the high-pressure composite exhaust valve, aiming to provide technical depth and practical value guidance for engineering technicians, operation managers, and industry decision-makers. By integrating multidisciplinary perspectives (including fluid mechanics, materials science, and intelligent control), we not only explain "how it works" but also explore "how to optimize" to address the challenges of the increasingly demanding Industry 4.0 era.