umuyonga

Bitewe nubushobozi bwo kwangiza hamwe na moteri ziva mubintu nko gufata amazi, kwangirika, ibice biza kurekura cyangwa kumeneka, nibindi bibazo bitabarika, kuguma hejuru ya moteri yawe yo mu nyanja ni ngombwa.
Umugani wa kera uvuga ko ubwato ari umwobo mumazi uta amafaranga, abaho kubwimpamvu - ubwato, na moteri zabo, bihenze cyane. Bisaba rwose umufuka wimbitse kugirango ugure moteri yo mu nyanja yo mu rwego rwo hejuru kandi ubigumane neza.
Bitewe nubushobozi bwo kwangiza hamwe na moteri ziva mubintu nko gufata amazi, kwangirika, ibice biza kurekura cyangwa kumeneka, nibindi bibazo bitabarika, kuguma hejuru ya moteri yawe yo mu nyanja ni ngombwa. Mugihe imashini yibanze isabwa kubaka moteri ya marine mubyukuri ni kimwe na moteri yimodoka, niho ibisa birangirira.
Moteri zo mu nyanja zifite ibidukikije bitandukanye cyane na moteri yimodoka. Mubisanzwe bamara umwanya munini murugendo cyangwa urugendo rwuzuye. Kwihuta kwubwato buratandukanye cyane nubw'imodoka igenda kumuhanda. Gutembera rpm kuri byinshi muri moteri zo mu nyanja ni 3.500 kugeza 4000 rpm bitewe nigipimo cyimodoka nubunini bwa prop. Mugereranije, moteri isanzwe yimodoka izahinduka gusa 1,600 kugeza 2000 rpm kumuvuduko wumuhanda.
Inzira yuzuye nayo iratandukanye. Hamwe na moteri yo mu nyanja, mubyukuri byuzuye muburyo bwose - birashoboka ko 5.500 kugeza 7.500 rpm cyangwa irenga mugihe kirekire (birashoboka amasaha), ibyo bikaba bitera impagarara nyinshi kuri moteri n'imbere. Imikorere myinshi yo mumuhanda, inzira yumuzingi hamwe na moteri yo kwiruka kumuhanda, ugereranije, gusa reba impinga ya rpms mugihe gito, kandi ihora ihindura rpm nkuko umushoferi ari kuri tronc. Imodoka nyinshi zitwara abagenzi ni gake zibona uruhande rwo hejuru rwa 4500 rpm kandi zimara umwanya munini zidakora cyangwa zipakurura kuri rpms nkeya. Hamwe no gukurura isiganwa hamwe na romoruki ikurura moteri, trottle yuzuye imara amasegonda make gusa kugeza igihe trottle ifunze hanyuma moteri ikagaruka kumurimo.
Irindi tandukaniro ryingenzi hagati yubwato nimodoka nuko ubwato butarenga inkombe. Moteri ihora isunika ubwato imbere. Nta gusubira inyuma kandi ubwato ntibushobora gukoresha moteri yo gufata feri. Niba umushoferi udafite uburambe arimo gukora ibintu byose hanyuma agahita arekura kuri trottle, ubwato buto burashobora kwibira izuru ndetse burashobora no kurengerwa!
Imbaraga zo kwiruka munsi yumutwaro uhoraho hamwe na rpm ndende bivuze ko moteri zo mu nyanja zigomba kubakwa bikomeye - rwose birakomeye. Ibyo ntacyo bivuze usibye ibice byiza nkibihimbano na fagitire, impimbano, bilet cyangwa ibyuma bihuza inkoni, piston mpimbano, ibyuma byuma byuma nimpeta, ibyuma bya ARP inkoni hamwe nu mutwe, ibyuma byuma bidafite ingese, amasoko meza ya valve, amasoko ya aluminiyumu. cyangwa ibyuma byerekana ibyuma, urukuta runini cyangwa rusunitse cyane, kuzamura ibizunguruka, hamwe numurongo wikurikiranya cyangwa umukandara wa kamera. Nta guca inguni niba ushaka moteri ya marine kuramba.
Ikintu cyose gihura namazi (cyane cyane amazi yumunyu) kigomba kwihanganira ruswa. Ibyo bivuze ko hashyizweho anodize kumutwe wa aluminiyumu no gufata ibintu byinshi, ibyuma bidafite ingese cyangwa ibyuma bikozwe mu muringa hamwe n’ibikoresho, ibyuma bikozwe mu muringa cyangwa ibyuma bidafite umwanda, hamwe nubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwo gusiga irangi ryo mu nyanja cyangwa kurwanya anti-korosiyo kubi, isafuriya yamavuta, ibifuniko bya valve hamwe nigifuniko cyigihe.
Kubera ko moteri zo mu nyanja zikora cyane igihe kinini, zisaba gukonja cyane. Ubwato bukoresha amazi yo hanze bukonjesha amazi muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha binyuze ku cyambu cyinjira munsi yubwato cyangwa muri moteri ikaze. Pompe y'amazi itandukanye ikurura amazi ikayerekeza kuri pompe y'amazi ya kabiri kuri moteri (imashini cyangwa amashanyarazi). Amapompo y'amazi agomba kugira ibyuma birwanya ruswa, ibifuniko n'inzu.
Amazi akonjesha amazi akoreshwa hamwe na moteri nyinshi zo munda. Guhindura ubushyuhe birashobora gukoreshwa kugirango ubushyuhe bwamazi yinjira. Imashini ikonjesha amazi nayo ifasha mukurinda ubushyuhe bwubwato mumato aho moteri iri mubice bitwikiriye.
Umutwaro uhoraho kuri moteri ya marine bivuze ko ikora ishyushye, nubwo ikonje cyane. Ubushyuhe bwinshi butera kwaguka kwinshi, bityo rero ugomba kwemerera gato piston-kuri-silinderi kugirango ugabanye ibyago byo gutereta. Ditto kubayobora valve. Intebe ya valve isohoka nayo igomba kuba yagutse kugirango ihererekanyabubasha ryiza, kandi imyanya igomba kuba umuringa wumuringa kugirango uteze imbere ubushyuhe bwihuse.
Impuzu zidasanzwe zirashobora kandi gufasha kwirinda kwangirika kwubushuhe kubice bikomeye. Kugabanya ubukana burwanya anti-scuff ku mwenda wa piston hamwe no kwifata birashobora gutanga ubwishingizi bwiyongereye, mugihe ubushyuhe bwerekana kandi busohora bishobora gufasha gucunga ubushyuhe ahandi muri moteri.
Kugumisha moteri yo mu nyanja nayo ni ingorabahizi kubera kunyeganyega hejuru-kumanuka umuraba utanga. Amabati yamavuta agomba gukomera kandi afite ubushobozi bwinshi, moteri rero ntizabura amavuta. Irakeneye kandi kugira urujijo hamwe numuyoboro wumuyaga kugirango ugumane amavuta aho ari. Gukonjesha amavuta yo hanze nayo ni ngombwa mugucunga ubushyuhe, kandi ubushyuhe bwamavuta ya thermostat mubisanzwe bigize sisitemu kuburyo amavuta akonje ashobora kurenga ubukonje kandi bikazamuka vuba mubushyuhe busanzwe bwo gukora. Amavuta ya pompe na pickup tube nayo agomba gushyirwaho hanyuma umuyoboro ugashyirwa kuri pompe kugirango uhangane no kunyeganyega no gukubita bizagira.
Kuri moteri zisohoka cyane (1.000 mbaraga cyangwa zirenga), sisitemu yumye ya sump isanzwe ninzira nziza yo kujya kwizeza amavuta kuri moteri.
Ubuzima bwa serivisi ya moteri yo mu nyanja irashobora kuva ku masaha 500 kugeza kuri 600, mugihe iy'imodoka 1.000 hp-yongeyeho ishobora kuba amasaha 200 kugeza 300. Bamwe mu bubaka moteri yo mu nyanja barasaba kuvugurura isoko ya valve hamwe na hydraulic roller kuzamura nyuma yamasaha 200 yo gukoresha.
Nibyingenzi ko abubaka moteri ya marine bubaka kandi bakubaka moteri neza. Niba umukiriya yakoresheje toni yama faranga kuri moteri idafashe, ntabwo azaba umukiriya wishimye cyangwa umukiriya usubiramo.
Tyler Crockett wo muri Tyler Crockett Marine Motines agira ati: “Ibintu byose biri imbere ndetse no hanze yabyo moteri byabonye ubushobozi bwo gufata ubwoba bwo kwiruka no gukubita imiraba.” Ati: “Ikintu cyose kigomba kuba gihindagurika kandi buri kintu kigomba kuba gifite umutekano. Inshuro nyinshi, tuzakoresha clamps ebyiri kubadukwirakwiza kugirango batimuka mugihe bakubise amazi mabi, kandi dukoresha utwugarizo hafi ya buri kintu kugirango tubashe gufata ihungabana ryo kwiruka mubikomeye. amazi.
Yakomeje agira ati: “Twagiye no mu burebure bwimbitse v-umukandara na pulleys kuko uri hejuru kandi ukava mu mazi mabi, bityo bigatuma amahirwe make yo gukenyera akagutwara isiganwa. Dukoresha kandi clamp ebyiri zibiri kumasoko menshi yingenzi yamazi kuko ushobora kubaka umuvuduko wamazi mugihe winjiye kandi usohoka mumazi. Kubwibyo, twakuyeho indege hejuru yinyanja yacu kuko umuvuduko uzamuka hejuru yibiro magana abiri.
Ati: "Natwe dukora imyenda myinshi imbere ya moteri yacu kandi dushyiramo amavuta. Dukoresha amavuta ya piston kandi dukoresha sisitemu yo gusiga amavuta ihinduka mukibaya kugirango dusige amavuta kuri lift. Turemeza kandi ko tubona amazi menshi binyuze muri moteri kugirango ikomeze gukonja. Ikiyaga cyangwa inyanja ikora nka moteri ya moteri yacu. Dutezimbere amazi dukoresha pompe yamazi yibyiciro bibiri - kugaburira uruhande rumwe rwa moteri hamwe na pompe nurundi ruhande rwa moteri hamwe nicyiciro cya kabiri cya pompe. ”
Mugihe amazi ari ngombwa mumikorere ikwiye ya moteri yinyanja, niyo niyo mpamvu ya mbere ituma izo moteri zihura nibibazo kandi zigomba kuvugururwa. Amazi yumunyu numwe mubagize uruhare runini mugihe cyo kwangiza moteri.
Darryl Hameetman wo muri Hameetman Racing Engines agira ati: "Byinshi muri byo biza ku mukoresha wa nyuma n'uburyo basunika moteri (s) nyuma yo gukoreshwa." Ati: “Kubikomeza bireba kandi abasore bamwe rwose barabyishimiye kandi bafite amahirwe menshi kuri yo, ndetse n'abandi basore, ntabwo ari byinshi.”
Nk’uko Crockett abitangaza ngo kwangirika kw'amazi y'umunyu bizarya imitwe ya aluminium kandi bitere ibibazo. Agira ati: "Twashyize imitwe mu ruganda ndasya mu mutwe wa aluminium kugeza mbonye aluminiyumu isukuye". Ati: "Hanyuma ndabasudira bose ndabasubiza."
Kugirango bafashe moteri ya marine kurwanya neza kwangirika no kwangirika kwamazi, abubatsi ba moteri benshi bakoresha ibifuniko mubyo bubaka, cyane cyane kuri piston hamwe na podiyumu kugirango hongerweho uburinzi.
Ati: "Ku mazi yumunyu, twambika imbere yamakoti yamazi hamwe na kashe ya Promax. Gasketi zose ni ibyuma bitagira umwanda, kandi hanze ya moteri yatewe irangi ryo kurinda ingese zo mu nyanja ya Mercury. ”
Iyo moteri yinjiye kugirango igarure, umurimo usanzwe ni valvetrain ifitanye isano cyangwa ifite amazi yangiritse. Ubusanzwe ibyo nibyo moteri yo mu nyanja izajyamo iyo umutwe umenetse cyangwa umurizo wacitse cyangwa indiba zitangiye gukomera hanyuma moteri igatangira gukuramo amazi.
Kuberako uburebure bwa moteri buremereye cyane kumikorere ya valvetrain, ako gace ka moteri kagomba kuba mumikorere myiza. Moteri ya Tyler Crockett Marine izahindura ibyuma bizamura hamwe na valve kumasoko yayo yishimisha hafi yamasaha 250. Kubakiriya bitsinda ryamasiganwa, iduka rihindura abaterura na valve isohoka buri siganwa ritandatu.
Kubera ko buri nyiri ubwato akoresha ubwato bwabo muburyo butandukanye, ibyo kubungabunga birashobora gutandukana, ariko biracyakenewe kumenya igihe moteri yawe izakenera kugarura ubuyanja.
Daryl Hameetman wo muri Hameetman Racing Engines agira ati: "Bamwe mu basore basiganwa buri wikendi, biragaragara rero ko bagomba kuguma hejuru yo kubitaho kenshi no kwiyubaka vuba kurusha umusore usiganwa rimwe mu kwezi." "Kuri hp 1.000, birashobora gukenera kwiyubaka mumasaha 250-300. Ibintu binini byamafarashi bishobora kuba amasaha 60, bitewe nuburyo bigenda. ”
Nk’uko Bob Madara wo muri Marine Kinetics abitangaza ngo ubuzima bw'amasoko ya valve buterwa n'ubwiza bw'isoko, ingufu za moteri ndetse n'amasaha angahe bigenda mu rugendo rugana kuri enterineti. Madara agira ati: "Igice cya valve gitwara moteri ya cid 502 igomba gusimburwa nyuma yamasaha 300 kugeza 400, kabone niyo baba bareba bakagerageza neza." Ati: “Ibyo biterwa nuko amasoko ya valve ashobora kunanirwa mu buryo butunguranye nta nteguza kandi ukaba ufite umutekano kuruta imbabazi.”
Nta magambo yukuri arenze ayo iyo bigeze kuri moteri ya marine. Ntushaka gusigara uhagaze kuko utumviye umuburo. Abubaka moteri bagomba kwemeza ko abakiriya babo ba moteri yo mu nyanja babona serivisi mugihe gikwiye, kandi abafite ubwato bagomba gukomeza kuvugana nabubatsi kugirango barebe ko ntakintu kibi mugihe kidakwiye. EB